These benchmarks provide a stepwise guidance for Tuina treatment, against which actual practice can be compared and evaluated. With the increasing use of Tuina in clinical settings worldwide, there is an urgent need for benchmarks for the practice of Tuina to ensure its safety, quality, and effectiveness. This document sits alongside the updated benchmarks for the training of Tuina. This document is structured in four parts: Introduction; Procedures (presents stepwise guidance for the administration of Tuina treatment); Facilities (provides the minimum infrastructure requirements for delivering a Tuina service); and Safety (emphasizes the key elements for the safe practice of Tuina). These four parts constitute a complete set of benchmarks for the practice of Tuina.

By setting norms and standards, these benchmarks help to address the gap between the increased demands and the uncertified delivery of Tuina services. It offers a useful reference point to evaluate Tuina practice which will benefit policy makers, health workers, education providers and the public in general.